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A65 Polyethylene Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. A65 Polyethylene Wax is produced by pyrolysis polyethylene and can be used to provide excellent lubrication and good dispersibility. A65 is widely used in the production of plastics,pigments and masterbatches. It is used extensively in the metal, construc...展开 A65 Polyethylene Wax is produced by pyrolysis polyethylene and can be used to provide excellent lubrication and good dispersibility. A65 is widely used in the production of plastics,pigments and masterbatches. It is used extensively in the metal, construction, and paper industries, ect. A65 can be used to provide excellent external and internal lubrication in most plastic processes. 收起
DYNASYLAN® 1146 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 二胺/烷基硅烷共齐聚物附着力促进剂,可用于一系列的应用场合
Dynasylan® 6490 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 一种乙烯基硅烷浓缩物,是一种出色的无机填料和有机聚合物之间的增容剂。
DYNASYLAN® AMEO-T Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 伯胺和仲胺基硅烷混合物。产品的两性特征使它可以化学结合无机材料和有机高分子,从而作为附着力促进剂,表面改性剂或作为反应试剂
Dynasylan® MEMO Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 一种甲基丙酸烯官能硅烷,可用作粘胶促进剂、表面改性剂、高分子合成共聚单体,并可作为交联剂。
Dynasylan® P Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Dynasylan® P is mostly used as crosslinker for silicones. Dynasylan® P is a special silicic acid ester. It is mainly used as crosslinker in the silicone industry. Dynasylan® P can be further used as precursor for inorganic binders and as basic ingredient ...展开 Dynasylan® P is mostly used as crosslinker for silicones. Dynasylan® P is a special silicic acid ester. It is mainly used as crosslinker in the silicone industry. Dynasylan® P can be further used as precursor for inorganic binders and as basic ingredient in sol-gel formulations. 收起
DYNASYLAN® SIVO 210 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Dynasylan® SIVO 210 is an aminofunctional silane composition which acts as an adhesion promoter between inorganic materials (for example glass, metals and fillers) and organic polymers (thermosets, thermoplastics and elastomers), as a surface modifier or ...展开 Dynasylan® SIVO 210 is an aminofunctional silane composition which acts as an adhesion promoter between inorganic materials (for example glass, metals and fillers) and organic polymers (thermosets, thermoplastics and elastomers), as a surface modifier or as chemical modification of substances. Dynasylan® SIVO 210 is a colorless to yellowish liquid with an amine-like odor which is soluble in alcohols, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. 收起
Dynasylan® VTEO Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 双功能有机硅烷,即可以和无机材料,也可以和有机聚合物结合,用作交联剂、增粘剂和/或表面改性剂。
Dynasylan® VTMO Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes 双功能有机硅烷,即可以和无机材料,也可以和有机聚合物结合,用作交联剂, 增粘剂和/或表面改性剂。
EW-160 Oxidized Polyethylene Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. EW-160 oxidized polyethylene wax is mainly used as a plastic processing lubricant and can completely replace most imported products. It can be applied to various types of processing PVC, in particular PVC calendering and extrusion process. As well as sign...展开 EW-160 oxidized polyethylene wax is mainly used as a plastic processing lubricant and can completely replace most imported products. It can be applied to various types of processing PVC, in particular PVC calendering and extrusion process. As well as significantly improving the lubrication properties of PVC, promote palatalization and improve overall production efficiency and the mechanical strength of the article. 收起
EW-180 Oxidized Polyethylene Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. EW-180 oxidized polyethylene wax is mainly used as a plastic processing lubricant and can completely replace most imported products. It can be applied to various types of processing PVC, in particular PVC calendering and extrusion process. As well as sign...展开 EW-180 oxidized polyethylene wax is mainly used as a plastic processing lubricant and can completely replace most imported products. It can be applied to various types of processing PVC, in particular PVC calendering and extrusion process. As well as significantly improving the lubrication properties of PVC, promote palatalization and improve overall production efficiency and the mechanical strength of the article. 收起
Fumed Silica 972 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Fumed Silica 972 is a white powdery substance. This product is primarily used as an additive in adhesives, paints, coatings, and printing inks.
Fumed Silica 974 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Fumed Silica 974 is a white powdery substance. This product is primarily used as an additive in adhesives, paints, coatings, and printing inks.
Fumed Silica (A-150) Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Fumed Silica (A-150) is a white and colloidal micro-particle that has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluoric acid and concentrated bases. This produc...展开 Fumed Silica (A-150) is a white and colloidal micro-particle that has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluoric acid and concentrated bases. This product is primarily used as an additive in construction sealants, inks, paints and coatings. 收起
Fumed Silica (A-200) Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Fumed Silica (A-200) is a white and colloidal micro-particle with its primary micro-particle from 5-40nm and has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluor...展开 Fumed Silica (A-200) is a white and colloidal micro-particle with its primary micro-particle from 5-40nm and has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluoric acid and concentrated bases. This product is primarily used as an additive in construction sealants, printing inks, paints, and coatings. 收起
Fumed Silica (A-380) Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Fumed Silica (A-380) is a white and colloidal micro-particle with its primary micro-particle from 5-40nm and has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluor...展开 Fumed Silica (A-380) is a white and colloidal micro-particle with its primary micro-particle from 5-40nm and has properties such as thixotropy, reinforcing, thickening and filling. It is insoluble in all kinds of solvents and liquids except for hydrofluoric acid and concentrated bases. This product is primarily used as an additive in construction sealants, printing inks, paints, and coatings. 收起
Hydrogenated Castor Oil HCO Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. Hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) is made ​​from the hydrogenation process castor oil and can be used as a thickening thixotropic agent in the solvent-based coatings such as inks and adhesives systems. It can also be used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other...展开 Hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) is made ​​from the hydrogenation process castor oil and can be used as a thickening thixotropic agent in the solvent-based coatings such as inks and adhesives systems. It can also be used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other industries. 收起
KH-540 (SG-Si 1110) Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group KH-540 (SG-Si 1110) in the form of a colorless to slightly yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion promoter in glass, aluminum, or iron in order to improve pigment dispersions to substrates. It can also be us...展开 KH-540 (SG-Si 1110) in the form of a colorless to slightly yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion promoter in glass, aluminum, or iron in order to improve pigment dispersions to substrates. It can also be used in polyurethane, epoxy, and acrylic latex paints, and phenol-formaldehyde adhesives and sealants. 收起
KH-550 (SG-Si 1100) Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group KH-550 (SG-Si 1100), in the form of a colorless to yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion promoter in glass, aluminum, or iron in order to improve pigment dispersions to substrates. It can also be used in ...展开 KH-550 (SG-Si 1100), in the form of a colorless to yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion promoter in glass, aluminum, or iron in order to improve pigment dispersions to substrates. It can also be used in polyurethane, epoxy, and acrylic latex paints, and phenol-formaldehyde adhesives and sealants. 收起
KH-560 (SG-Si 187) Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group KH-560 (SG-Si 187), in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used in the adhesive industry to enhance the adhesions of adhesives, particularly epoxy, polyurethane, and phenol-formaldehyde. It ...展开 KH-560 (SG-Si 187), in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used in the adhesive industry to enhance the adhesions of adhesives, particularly epoxy, polyurethane, and phenol-formaldehyde. It can also improve the cohesive force of acrylic latex, sealants, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins for glass sealants. 收起
KH-570 (SG-Si 174) Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group KH-570 (SG-Si 174), in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion improver in adhesives and coatings. It can also improve the strength of unsaturated polyester composites under ...展开 KH-570 (SG-Si 174), in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated silane. This product can be used as an adhesion improver in adhesives and coatings. It can also improve the strength of unsaturated polyester composites under dry or hygrometric conditions. 收起
MAW-6600 Micronized Polyamine Wax Powder Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. MAW-6600 micronized polyamine wax powder is used in solvent-base coating, ink and adhesive. It could improve the scratch resistance of paints and used as coatings’ matting agent, sanding aid, additive for powder coatings, anti-blocking agent for printing ...展开 MAW-6600 micronized polyamine wax powder is used in solvent-base coating, ink and adhesive. It could improve the scratch resistance of paints and used as coatings’ matting agent, sanding aid, additive for powder coatings, anti-blocking agent for printing inks. 收起
MEW-3618 Micronized Polyethylene Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. MEW-3618 Micronized Polyethylene Wax is a new kind of amide rheological additive that is used in non-aqueous system to prevent precipitation and flow. Primarily used as a rub resistance additive for printing inks. It can be used to modify surface properti...展开 MEW-3618 Micronized Polyethylene Wax is a new kind of amide rheological additive that is used in non-aqueous system to prevent precipitation and flow. Primarily used as a rub resistance additive for printing inks. It can be used to modify surface properties matting agent for paints & coatings. As well as a lubricant for plastics especially for high demanding pigment concentrates based on PE and PP (dispersing aid). 收起
MEW-3628 Micronized Polyethylene Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. MEW-3628 Micronized Polyethylene Wax is a new kind of amide rheological additive that is used in non-aqueous system to prevent precipitation and flow. Primarily used as a rub resistance additive for printing inks. It can be used to modify surface propert...展开 MEW-3628 Micronized Polyethylene Wax is a new kind of amide rheological additive that is used in non-aqueous system to prevent precipitation and flow. Primarily used as a rub resistance additive for printing inks. It can be used to modify surface properties matting agent for paints & coatings. As well as a lubricant for plastics especially for high demanding pigment concentrates based on PE and PP (dispersing aid). 收起
Modified Hydrogenated Castor Oil Rheological Additive RC-HMT Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-HMT is a 100% active rheological additive and is generally used for solvent based paints and coatings, adhesives, sealants and lubricant oils. It can provide excellent thickening, thixotropic and sag resistance. It is primarily used in the production o...展开 RC-HMT is a 100% active rheological additive and is generally used for solvent based paints and coatings, adhesives, sealants and lubricant oils. It can provide excellent thickening, thixotropic and sag resistance. It is primarily used in the production of industrial coatings, traffic paints, inks, powder paints, adhesive & sealants and lubricating oils. 收起
Modified Hydrogenated Castor Oil Rheological Additive RC-HST Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-HST is a 100% active organic rheological additive and is made by a special process modification of solvent-based coatings. It is primarily used in the production of inks and adhesives and can effectively provide thixotropy and sag as well as resistance...展开 RC-HST is a 100% active organic rheological additive and is made by a special process modification of solvent-based coatings. It is primarily used in the production of inks and adhesives and can effectively provide thixotropy and sag as well as resistance and prevention of sedimentation. 收起
Polymer ST 48 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Polymer ST 48 offers a good handling viscosity and is therefore easy to apply manually. Formulation surfaces are quickly tack-free after application, which ensures rapid processing and avoids long waiting times. It is especially recommended for the applic...展开 Polymer ST 48 offers a good handling viscosity and is therefore easy to apply manually. Formulation surfaces are quickly tack-free after application, which ensures rapid processing and avoids long waiting times. It is especially recommended for the application as sealant for interior or exterior joints, e.g. expansion or connection joints, interior joints for dry walling, joints at staircases. 收起
Polymer ST 61 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Polymer ST 61 is a high quality polymer which is used for wood floor adhesive formulations. Polymer ST 61 allows a high degree of flexibility for the formulations: adhesives with high strength and hardness are possible as well as soft adhesives with high ...展开 Polymer ST 61 is a high quality polymer which is used for wood floor adhesive formulations. Polymer ST 61 allows a high degree of flexibility for the formulations: adhesives with high strength and hardness are possible as well as soft adhesives with high elasticity. 收起
Polymer ST 61 LV Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Polymer ST 61 LV is a plasticizer-free product which addresses the same formulation properties as Polymer ST 61. Its viscosity is approx. 70 % less, thus it allows quicker dosing, lower formulation viscosities and higher possible filler loading levels.
Polymer ST 77 Evonik Operations GmbH, BL Silanes Polymer ST 77 is free of phthalates and is highly recommended for demanding applications where a balanced stress-strain behavior is required as in transport and assembly applications. Examples for the use of Polymer ST 77-based formulations are the assemb...展开 Polymer ST 77 is free of phthalates and is highly recommended for demanding applications where a balanced stress-strain behavior is required as in transport and assembly applications. Examples for the use of Polymer ST 77-based formulations are the assembly of superstructural parts, bumpers, etc. Mechanical fastening is often avoided as it could cause damage to the materials used. In addition, it could negatively affect the design. 收起
RC-100 Polyamide Micro-Powder Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-100 Polyamide Micro-Powder is a special polyamide wax. The product can be dispersed in the solvent and pre-activated to wax paste. It can be used as rheological additives in solvent based system. RC-100 has some advantages in viscosity control, thixotr...展开 RC-100 Polyamide Micro-Powder is a special polyamide wax. The product can be dispersed in the solvent and pre-activated to wax paste. It can be used as rheological additives in solvent based system. RC-100 has some advantages in viscosity control, thixotropic, sag control and pigment suspension. 收起
RC-200 Micronized Polyamide Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-200 Micronized Polyamide Wax is a special amide wax. The product could be used as rheological additives in solvent based system and non-solvent system. It could provide excellent thixotropic, thickening and anti-sagging functions for coatings, inks, ad...展开 RC-200 Micronized Polyamide Wax is a special amide wax. The product could be used as rheological additives in solvent based system and non-solvent system. It could provide excellent thixotropic, thickening and anti-sagging functions for coatings, inks, adhesives, sealants and lubricating etc. RC-200 has some advantages in viscosity control, thixotropic, sag control and pigment suspension. 收起
RC-750 Anti-Settling Agent Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-750 anti-settling agent is used in solvent coatings as an auxiliary to anti settling and sagging. It is particularly useful in high solid content coating system. RC-750 can be used in most non-aqueous coatings e.g. air-dried alkyd, alkyd-melamine, acry...展开 RC-750 anti-settling agent is used in solvent coatings as an auxiliary to anti settling and sagging. It is particularly useful in high solid content coating system. RC-750 can be used in most non-aqueous coatings e.g. air-dried alkyd, alkyd-melamine, acrylic, nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber and epoxy coatings. It is suitable also for wash primer and high solid paints. According to experience, RC-750 cannot be applied to systems containing zinc-powder. 收起
RC-760 Anti-Settling Agent Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-760 anti-settling agent is used in solvent coatings as an auxiliary to anti settling and sagging. It is particularly useful in high solid content coating system. RC-760 can be used in most non-aqueous coatings e.g. air-dried alkyd, alkyd-melamine, acry...展开 RC-760 anti-settling agent is used in solvent coatings as an auxiliary to anti settling and sagging. It is particularly useful in high solid content coating system. RC-760 can be used in most non-aqueous coatings e.g. air-dried alkyd, alkyd-melamine, acrylic, nitrocellulose, chlorinated rubber and epoxy coatings. It is suitable also for wash primer and high solid paints. 收起
RC-800 Micronized Polyamide Wax Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-800 Micronized Polyamide Wax is a special amide wax. The product could be used as rheological additives in solvent based system and non-solvent system. It could provide excellent thixotropic, thickening and anti-sagging functions for coatings, inks, ad...展开 RC-800 Micronized Polyamide Wax is a special amide wax. The product could be used as rheological additives in solvent based system and non-solvent system. It could provide excellent thixotropic, thickening and anti-sagging functions for coatings, inks, adhesives, sealants and lubricating etc. RC-800 is recommended for solvent based heavy duty paints, specifically Epoxy primers, Chlorinated rubber primers and Alkyds primers. 收起
RC-820 Polyamide Wax Paste Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-820 Polyamide Wax Paste is a special polyamide wax paste that is pre-activated in organic solvents. The product provides excellent thixotropic, anti-settling and anti-sagging functions; also enhance flake orientation of metallic and pearlescent pigmen...展开 RC-820 Polyamide Wax Paste is a special polyamide wax paste that is pre-activated in organic solvents. The product provides excellent thixotropic, anti-settling and anti-sagging functions; also enhance flake orientation of metallic and pearlescent pigments in formulation. It is primarily used in acrylic resin paints, unsaturated polyester paints, chlorinated rubber paints, epoxy resin paints, vinyl resin paints, asphalt & tar coatings, acrylic/melamines and urethane resin paints. 收起
RC-920 Polyamide Wax Paste Changxing Xiehe Polymer Co., Ltd. RC-920 Polyamide Wax Paste is a special polyamide wax paste that is pre-activated in organic solvents. The product provides excellent thixotropic, anti-settling and anti-sagging functions; also enhance flake orientation of metallic and pearlescent pigment...展开 RC-920 Polyamide Wax Paste is a special polyamide wax paste that is pre-activated in organic solvents. The product provides excellent thixotropic, anti-settling and anti-sagging functions; also enhance flake orientation of metallic and pearlescent pigments in formulation. It is primarily used in acrylic resin paints, unsaturated polyester paints, chlorinated rubber paints, epoxy resin paints, vinyl resin paints, asphalt & tar coatings, acrylic/melamines and urethane resin paints. 收起
SG-Si 151 Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group SG-Si 151, in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated vinyl silane coupling agent. This product can be used to cross-link adhesives and in special coating materials. It can also crosslink polyethylene and dip treat fibergl...展开 SG-Si 151, in the form of a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid, is an ethoxylated vinyl silane coupling agent. This product can be used to cross-link adhesives and in special coating materials. It can also crosslink polyethylene and dip treat fiberglass or inorganic siliceous fibers. 收起
SG-Ti 502 Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group SG-Ti 502, in the form of a clear to slightly hazy, colorless to light yellow aqueous liquid, is a titanate coupling agent. This product improves the cross-linking performance for water-borne paints and adhesives. It also makes paint form hard and gloss...展开 SG-Ti 502, in the form of a clear to slightly hazy, colorless to light yellow aqueous liquid, is a titanate coupling agent. This product improves the cross-linking performance for water-borne paints and adhesives. It also makes paint form hard and glossy surfaces on glass, metal, filler, and pigments. 收起
SG-Zr 802 Nanjing Shuguang Chemical Group SG-Zr 802, in the form of a yellowish to brown organic liquid, is a zirconate coupling agent. This product can be used in adhesives and printing inks as a catalyst for cross-linking resins, which improves the binding force and adhesion to the substrate s...展开 SG-Zr 802, in the form of a yellowish to brown organic liquid, is a zirconate coupling agent. This product can be used in adhesives and printing inks as a catalyst for cross-linking resins, which improves the binding force and adhesion to the substrate surface. It can also be used in the electronic industry as a surface treatment for inorganic minerals to improve the dielectric properties of the composites. 收起
Silicon Dioxide GJ-103 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide GJ-103 is a transparent white powder that provides strength and abrasion resistance. This product has the ability to be used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase th...展开 Silicon Dioxide GJ-103 is a transparent white powder that provides strength and abrasion resistance. This product has the ability to be used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties. 收起
Silicon Dioxide JLJ-105 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide JLJ-105 is a transparent white powder that has large surface area and small average particle size. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is...展开 Silicon Dioxide JLJ-105 is a transparent white powder that has large surface area and small average particle size. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties. 收起
Silicon Dioxide NY-102 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide NY-102 is a white powder that has good dispersion and absorption properties. This product has the ability to be used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bondin...展开 Silicon Dioxide NY-102 is a white powder that has good dispersion and absorption properties. This product has the ability to be used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties. 收起
Silicon Dioxide SP-106 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide SP-106 is a transparent white powder that has heavy metal content and strong absorption ability. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is a...展开 Silicon Dioxide SP-106 is a transparent white powder that has heavy metal content and strong absorption ability. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties. 收起
Silicon Dioxide TL-104 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide TL-104 is a transparent white powder that is used as a dispersing agent; the liquid form is used as rheology control agent. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase m...展开 Silicon Dioxide TL-104 is a transparent white powder that is used as a dispersing agent; the liquid form is used as rheology control agent. This product has the purpose of thickening and anti-settling, and is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties. 收起
Silicon Dioxide XJ-100 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide XJ-100 is a white powder that is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties.
Silicon Dioxide XJ-101 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide XJ-101 is a white powder that is used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength. It is also used in paints and coatings to increase the bonding properties.
Silicon Dioxide ZZ-108 Shanghai Tengmin Industry Co., Ltd. Silicon Dioxide ZZ-108 is a transparent white powder that has high bulkiness and water-solubility properties. This product has the ability to be used as an additive in adhesives to increase mechanical strength, and it is also used in paints and coatings.