| CELLOSIZE™ EP-09 | Univar Solutions | CELLOSIZE™ EP-09 is a hydroxyethyl cellulose used in paints, graphic arts, and adhesives. | |
| WALOCEL MT 400 PFV | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL MT 400 PFV is Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed as a rheology modifier/thickener for cement-based applications; also used for cement-based grouts and self-leveling underlayment. | |
| WALOCEL MW 6000 PFV | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL MW 6000 PFV is a hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) with a delayed solubility. This product was developed as a rheology modifier/thickener for several ready to use construction applications. | |
| WALOCEL XM 40000 PV | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL XM 40000 PV is a modified hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed for use as a thickener for water based systems like emulsion paints. The typical dosage of this product in emulsion paint is 0.2-0.7%. | |
| Celopro® HHB70S | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® HHB70S is an extremely high viscosity Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). It is water-soluble material which can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, interior and exterior coating and so on. | |
| SCHUTZENCOL- PC 80 | SCHÜTZEN Chemical Group | SCHUTZENCOL- PC 80 is an effective rheological additive for water-based paint formulations. It demonstrates excellent flow levelling properties and can potentially replace hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) in paint and coating applications. | |
| KEC 30000B | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 30000B is a biostable type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides low-foaming, better opacity, and more stable viscosity to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. | |
| KEC 60000B | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 60000B is a biostable type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides low-foaming, better opacity, and more stable viscosity to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. | |
| KEC 100000B | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 100000B is a biostable type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides low-foaming, better opacity, and more stable viscosity to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. | |
| KEC 150 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 150 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint app...展開 KEC 150 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| KEC 6000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 6000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint ap...展開 KEC 6000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| KEC 150000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 150000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint ...展開 KEC 150000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| KEC 30000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 30000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint a...展開 KEC 30000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| KEC 60000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 60000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint a...展開 KEC 60000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| KEC 100000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEC 100000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint ...展開 KEC 100000 is a regular type hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It provides lubricity, good water retention, and improved color development and stabilization to desired products. This product is well suited for use in water-based paint applications. 收起 | |
| WALOCEL MW 40000 PFV | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL MW 40000 PFV is a hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose with a delayed solubility designed for use as a thickener for water-based systems, and ceramic- and polymer-based tile adhesives. Compatible with all conventional mineral binders used in cement-base. | |
| KEM 300 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 300 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in paint a...展開 KEM 300 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in paint applications. 收起 | |
| Celopro® HHB15S | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® HHB15S is a medium viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material which can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, personal care products, and h...展開 Celopro® HHB15S is a medium viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material which can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, personal care products, and household cleaning products. 收起 | |
| Celopro® HHB60S | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® HHB60S is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material. This product can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, personal care products,...展開 Celopro® HHB60S is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material. This product can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, personal care products, and household cleaning products. 收起 | |
| KEM 40000M2 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 40000M2 is a modified type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-bas...展開 KEM 40000M2 is a modified type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-based tile adhesives, mortars, white render finishes, and plasters. 收起 | |
| KEM 150000M | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 150000M is a modified type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-bas...展開 KEM 150000M is a modified type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-based tile adhesives, mortars, grouts, white render finishes, and plasters. 收起 | |
| KEM 150000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 150000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in ceme...展開 KEM 150000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-based tile adhesives, mortars, grouts, white render finishes, and paints. 收起 | |
| KEM 75000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 75000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cemen...展開 KEM 75000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-based tile adhesives, mortars, grouts, fillers, white render finishes, and paints. 收起 | |
| KEM 100000 | Vink Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG | KEM 100000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in ceme...展開 KEM 100000 is a surface treated type methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose in the form of a white powder. It is used as a thickener, protective colloid, water retention agent, and rheology modifier for desired products. This product is well suited for use in cement-based tile adhesives, mortars, grouts, fillers, white render finishes, and paints. 收起 | |
| WALOCEL MT 30000 PV | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL MT 30000 PV is Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed for use in all-purpose or lightweight tape joint compounds. It imparts well-balanced properties, including open time, adhesion and shear strength. The product also adds good workability and enh...展開 WALOCEL MT 30000 PV is Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed for use in all-purpose or lightweight tape joint compounds. It imparts well-balanced properties, including open time, adhesion and shear strength. The product also adds good workability and enhances water retention. The selected particle size distribution offers quick or lump-free dissolution. It is compatible with all conventional mineral and organic binders. 收起 | |
| Celopro® HHB30S | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® HHB30S is a medium high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material which can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, interior and exterior coating, household cleanin...展開 Celopro® HHB30S is a medium high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material which can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, interior and exterior coating, household cleaning products and so on, which provides water retention, binding power, protective colloid, biostable, etc. for systems. 收起 | |
| Celopro® HHB50S | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® HHB50S is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material. This product can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, interior and exterior c...展開 Celopro® HHB50S is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) with delayed solubility. It is a non-ionic, water-soluble material. This product can be applied as a thickener for water-borne systems including latex paints, interior and exterior coating, household cleaning products and so on, which provides water retention, binding power, protective colloid, biostable, etc. for systems. 收起 | |
| WALOCEL MKX 20000 PP 10 | Univar Solutions | WALOCEL MKX 20000 PP 10 is Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed for cement-based applications such as skim coats, repair mortars, tile adhesives and the cementitious parts of an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS). It imparts well-balanced prop...展開 WALOCEL MKX 20000 PP 10 is Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose designed for cement-based applications such as skim coats, repair mortars, tile adhesives and the cementitious parts of an exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS). It imparts well-balanced properties including shear strength according to different storage conditions. Compatible with all conventional mineral and organic binders, the product provides good workability, water retention and its selected particle size distribution offers quick,lump-free dissolution. 收起 | |
| CELLOSIZE™ QP-100MH-V | Univar Solutions | 非常高分子量的羥乙基纖維素。該產品經表面處理以避免溶於水性體系時的凝膠或結塊 | |
| Betacel® H 30 D | Grupo Petroquimico Beta SA de CV | Betacel® H 30 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H is...展開 Betacel® H 30 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H is that it is a very excellent rheology modifier generating shear thinning solutions, it acts as a protective colloid and stabilizer, it has and excellent property of water-retension as well as good compatibility with surfactants, inorganic salts, rubbers and resins. This product has a viscosity of 1,500-2,500 cps. at 25C and is for use in construction and paint products. 收起 | |
| Betacel® H 50 D | Grupo Petroquimico Beta SA de CV | Betacel® H 50 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H is...展開 Betacel® H 50 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H is that it is a very excellent rheology modifier generating shear thinning solutions, it acts as a protective colloid and stabilizer, it has and excellent property of water-retension as well as good compatibility with surfactants, inorganic salts, rubbers and resins. This product has a viscosity of 2,600-3,300 cps. at 25C and is for use in personal care, home care and paint products. 收起 | |
| Betacel® H 100 D | Grupo Petroquimico Beta SA de CV | Betacel® H 100 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H i...展開 Betacel® H 100 D is hydroxyethylcellulose a non-ionic cellulose derivative, soluble in either hot or cold water, which is widely used to modify the viscosity of solutions, dispersions and emulsions. Among the most important characteristics of Betacel® H is that it is a very excellent rheology modifier generating shear thinning solutions, it acts as a protective colloid and stabilizer, it has and excellent property of water-retension as well as good compatibility with surfactants, inorganic salts, rubbers and resins. This product has a viscosity of 3,400-5,000 cps. at 25C and is for use in personal care, home care and paint and oilfield products. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME4M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME4M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as cement based grouts and repair mortars. | |
| Celopro® ME6M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME6M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as gypsum- and cement-based plasters, mineral-based decorative renders, and gypsum-based j...展開 Celopro® ME6M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as gypsum- and cement-based plasters, mineral-based decorative renders, and gypsum-based jointing compounds. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME10M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME10M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based trowelling compounds, gypsum-based jointing compounds, ex...展開 Celopro® ME10M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based trowelling compounds, gypsum-based jointing compounds, exterior insulating finishing systems, and more. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME20M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME20M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based trowelling compounds, gypsum-based jointing compounds, ex...展開 Celopro® ME20M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based trowelling compounds, gypsum-based jointing compounds, exterior insulating finishing systems, and more. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME30M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME30M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-lime plasters, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer...展開 Celopro® ME30M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-lime plasters, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer plasters, cement-based trowlling compounds, and gypsum-lime-plaster. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME40M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME40M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-lime plasters, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer...展開 Celopro® ME40M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-lime plasters, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer plasters, cement-based trowlling compounds, and gypsum-lime-plaster. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME50M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME50M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer plasters, cement-base...展開 Celopro® ME50M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, cement-based skim coats, gypsum-based thin layer plasters, cement-based trowlling compounds, gypsum-based machine applied plasters, and decorative renders. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME60M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME60M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, gypsum-lime-plasters, and gypsum-based plasters, thin layer plasters, ...展開 Celopro® ME60M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as tile adhesives, gypsum-lime-plasters, and gypsum-based plasters, thin layer plasters, and machine applied plasters. 收起 | |
| Celopro® ME70M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® ME70M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as cement-based plasters and tile adhesives, gypsum-based plasters, joint fillers, and th...展開 Celopro® ME70M P is a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose powder with high etherification. It helps to efficiently thicken and provide water retention in formulations such as cement-based plasters and tile adhesives, gypsum-based plasters, joint fillers, and thin layer plasters. 收起 | |
| Natrosol™ B Hydroxyethylcellulose | Ashland | Natrosol™ B HEC，非離子型水溶性聚合物，是一種白色，自由流動的粒狀粉末。它不溶於有機溶劑，但它很容易分散在冷水和熱水中，得到不同粘度的溶液。此產品被用作增稠劑，保護膠體，基料，穩定劑和助懸劑，特別是應用於的需要非離子型材料的場合。 | |
| Natrosol™ Plus | Ashland | Natrosol™ Plus is a associative cellulosic polymer designed specifically for use in latex paints. | |
| Natrosol™ Plus 330 HMHEC | Ashland | Natrosol™ Plus 330 hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC) is an associative cellulosic polymer designed specifically for use in latex paints. It is a nonionic water-soluble polymer that contains both hydroxyethyl and long-chain alkyl group...展開 Natrosol™ Plus 330 hydrophobically modified hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC) is an associative cellulosic polymer designed specifically for use in latex paints. It is a nonionic water-soluble polymer that contains both hydroxyethyl and long-chain alkyl groups. This unique dual substitution differentiation this rheology modifier from unmodified cellulosics. 收起 | |
| Celopro® MH70M FP | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® MH70M FP is a extremely high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) which provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. It can be ap...展開 Celopro® MH70M FP is a extremely high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) which provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. It can be applied in gypsum and cement based plasters, joint fillers, machine-applied plasters, tile adhesives, gypsum-lime-plasters, thin layer plasters, and gypsum based plasters. 收起 | |
| Celopro® MH55M FP | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® MH55M FP is a very high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) with fine particle size. It provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retent...展開 Celopro® MH55M FP is a very high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) with fine particle size. It provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. This product has been applied in tile adhesives, skim coats, thin layer plasters, gypsum based trowelling compounds, machine applied plasters, and decorative renders. 收起 | |
| Celopro® MH15M P | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® MH15M P is a medium viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) that provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. These products, offere...展開 Celopro® MH15M P is a medium viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) that provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. These products, offered under the Celopro® MH brand, are highly effective additives used to improve the quality and processing characteristics of building materials such as plasters and renders, mortars, tile adhesives, joint compounds and emulsion paints. 收起 | |
| Celopro® MH40MP | Celotech Chemical Co., Ltd. | Celopro® MH40M P is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) which provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. These products, offered...展開 Celopro® MH40M P is a high viscosity type of Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) which provides many of the same benefits as other methylcellulose derivatives, such as the ability to efficiently thicken and provide water retention. These products, offered under the CELOPRO™ MH brand, are highly effective additives used to improve the quality and processing characteristics of building materials such as plasters and renders, mortars, tile adhesives, joint compounds and emulsion paints. 收起 | |
| XIAMETER™ AFE-1410 Antifoam Emulsion | Univar Solutions | XIAMETER™ AFE-1410 Antifoam Emulsion is a water-dilutable, 10% active silicone emulsion that is designed to control foam in aqueous systems. It offers good stability, and is easily dispersed as supplied or when diluted. This product is recommended for agr...展開 XIAMETER™ AFE-1410 Antifoam Emulsion is a water-dilutable, 10% active silicone emulsion that is designed to control foam in aqueous systems. It offers good stability, and is easily dispersed as supplied or when diluted. This product is recommended for agrochemicals, textiles, gas processing, printing fountain solutions, resin manufacturing, and antifoaming in aqueous systems from highly acidic to highly alkaline. 收起 |
